§PlainStatute

PlainStatute Research

The Statute Plain-Language Complexity Index

How hard does each area of state law read once it is written in plain English? We measured the reading level of our own explainers to find out.

56 topics measured across 806 state pages.250,288 words of explainer prose, all computed from our own corpus.

The headline numbers

Each figure copies with a citation line that links back to this page.

13.3Hardest-reading topic: Prenuptial agreement requirements
6.7Easiest-reading topic: Which states have an estate tax?
9.8Average reading-grade level across all topics
250,288Words of plain-language explainer text measured

Topics ranked by reading-grade level

Longer bars read harder. Tap any topic to open its explainers.

The full dataset

Every topic, most to least complex, with the three metrics we measured.

RankTopicReading gradeAvg sentence lengthWordsPages
1Prenuptial agreement requirements13.323.7 words1,9686
2Power of attorney requirements12.721.4 words1,8756
3Grandparent visitation11.921.9 words2,0606
4Vacation payout when you quit11.820.7 words2,2438
5Open container laws11.723.6 words1,8646
6Lemon law11.522.2 words14,99450
7Squatters’ rights time limit11.521.4 words2,2028
8Is your state right-to-work?11.520.0 words1,8946
9Jury duty pay from employer11.422.7 words2,2998
10Pay transparency laws11.321.6 words1,9656
11Is it legal to record a call?11.118.2 words2,2428
12Adult name change10.821.9 words2,3618
13Move over law10.621.5 words2,1076
14Divorce residency requirement10.620.4 words2,2548
15Are non-competes enforceable?10.617.7 words2,3088
16Dog bite laws10.520.2 words12,90050
17Repair and deduct rules10.519.4 words2,5408
18Skip probate: estate size limit10.218.4 words2,2528
19Right to cancel a purchase10.218.1 words2,3008
20Wage garnishment laws10.121.1 words21,20650
21Injury lawsuit deadline10.119.9 words2,7878
22When child support ends10.119.2 words2,3768
23Are radar detectors legal?10.117.3 words1,9216
24Security deposit laws9.920.9 words15,65850
25Are handwritten wills valid?9.918.4 words2,3358
26Does your state have rent control?9.820.1 words2,1166
27Motorcycle helmet laws9.817.7 words1,9666
28Can a gift card expire?9.718.6 words2,2328
29Common-law marriage9.716.6 words2,3148
30Auto repair rights9.621.6 words6,48715
31Final paycheck laws9.620.2 words15,89250
32Homestead property tax9.620.1 words2,9028
33Warranty of habitability9.618.1 words2,4616
34Homestead (creditor protection)9.418.0 words3,2328
35Car repossession laws9.320.2 words6,98415
36Deadline to sue over a contract9.319.6 words2,3518
37Malpractice lawsuit deadline9.319.0 words2,6678
38Landlord entry notice9.317.9 words2,9418
39Transfer-on-death deed9.316.4 words2,3118
40License points9.220.5 words2,0646
41Intestate succession9.219.3 words3,1308
42Eviction notice9.120.7 words3,5938
43Notice to end a lease9.120.6 words2,2708
44Window tint laws9.120.0 words9,99950
45Paid sick leave laws9.018.7 words1,9486
46Debt statute of limitations8.918.2 words14,05050
47Legal age to marry8.717.8 words2,1608
48Rent increase notice8.519.0 words3,2148
49Studded tire laws8.418.6 words1,6746
50Meal & rest breaks8.319.5 words3,0638
51DUI penalties8.319.3 words1,6956
52Rent late fee limits8.218.7 words3,3168
53Small claims limits8.118.6 words14,10050
54Which states tax an inheritance?7.416.4 words1,9006
55Car seat & booster laws7.217.8 words12,40450
56Which states have an estate tax?6.715.3 words1,9416

Methodology

This index is an original dataset. We did not pull it from anywhere. We computed it at build time from the plain-language explainer text we publish on our own state pages, so it measures our writing, not the raw statutes. For each state page we take the plain-English intro paragraph plus every answer in that page's FAQ, which is the prose a reader actually sees, and we run three measures over it.

The first measure is the Flesch-Kincaid reading-grade level, a standard formula that estimates the US school grade needed to read a passage on the first try. It combines average sentence length with average syllables per word, so long sentences and long words both push the number up. The second is average sentence length in words per sentence. The third is the total word count of explainer text in the topic. We average the grade level and the sentence length across the state pages in each topic and sum the word counts, then rank the topics from hardest to easiest.

Because legal citations are full of periods, a naive sentence counter would read "Ala. Code" as two sentences and distort the result. We neutralize abbreviation and citation periods before counting sentences, and we apply the exact same procedure to every topic, so the ranking stays internally consistent. If a page's text cannot be parsed we skip it and count the skip rather than guess. This run measured 806 pages and skipped 0, across 56 topics.

Reading-grade numbers are estimates from a formula, not a judgment of quality. A higher grade level often just reflects a denser area of law. We publish the whole table above so you can see the inputs and check our work against the source pages.